Zeziphi iimeko zezicelo zeeMOSFET?

I-MOSFETs zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiisekethe ze-analog kunye nedijithali kwaye zihambelana ngokusondeleyo kubomi bethu.Iinzuzo ze-MOSFET zezi: isekethe yokuqhuba ilula.I-MOSFETs ifuna i-drive encinci yangoku kune-BJTs, kwaye idla ngokuqhutywa ngokuthe ngqo yi-CMOS okanye umqokeleli ovulekileyo. Iisekethe zomqhubi we-TTL. Okwesibini, ii-MOSFETs zitshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwaye zinokusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu kuba akukho ntlawulo yokugcina isiphumo. Ukongeza, ii-MOSFETs azinayo inkqubo yesibini yokusilela. Ukuphakama kweqondo lokushisa, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukunyamezela ukunyamezela, kuncinci amathuba okuphuka kwe-thermal, kodwa kwakhona kuluhlu olubanzi lobushushu ukubonelela ukusebenza okungcono.MOSFETs isetyenziswe kwinani elikhulu lezicelo, kwi-electronics yabathengi, iimveliso zoshishino, i-electromechanical. izixhobo, ii-smart phones kunye nezinye iimveliso zombane eziphathwayo zedijithali zinokufumaneka kuyo yonke indawo.

 

Uhlalutyo lwemeko yesicelo seMOSFET

1, Ukutshintsha unikezelo lombane izicelo

Ngengcaciso, esi sicelo sifuna ukuba ii-MOSFETs ziqhube kwaye zivale ngamaxesha athile. Kwangaxeshanye, kukho amashumi topologies angasetyenziselwa ukutshintsha unikezelo lwamandla, ezifana DC-DC unikezelo lwamandla ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa isiguquli buck esisiseko ixhomekeke MOSFETs ezimbini ukwenza umsebenzi wokutshintsha, ezi switsha ngokushiyanayo kwi inductor ukugcina. amandla, kwaye emva koko uvule amandla kumthwalo. Okwangoku, abaqulunqi bahlala bekhetha ii-frequencies kumakhulu e-kHz nangaphezulu kwe-1MHz, ngenxa yokuba ukuphakama kwefrikhwensi, kuncinci kunye nokukhaphukhaphu kwezixhobo zemagneti. Eyesibini eyona parameters ibaluleke kakhulu ye-MOSFET ekutshintsheni amandla ombane ibandakanya amandla okuphuma, amandla ombane we-threshold, i-gate impedance kunye ne-avalanche energy.

 

2, izicelo zolawulo lweemoto

Izicelo zolawulo lweemoto yenye indawo yesicelo samandlaIi-MOSFETs. Iisekethe zokulawula isiqingatha sebhulorho zisebenzisa ii-MOSFET ezimbini (ibhulorho epheleleyo isebenzisa ezine), kodwa ezimbini ze-MOSFETs zexesha (ixesha lokufa) ziyalingana. Kwesi sicelo, ixesha lokubuyisela umva (trr) libaluleke kakhulu. Xa ulawula umthwalo we-inductive (njenge-motor winding), isiphaluka solawulo sitshintshela i-MOSFET kwisekethe yebhulorho ukuya kwi-off state, ngelo xesha enye iswitshi kwisekethe yebhulorho ibuyisela okwethutyana ngoku nge-diode yomzimba kwi-MOSFET. Ngaloo ndlela, yangoku ijikeleza kwakhona kwaye iyaqhubeka inika amandla i-motor. Xa i-MOSFET yokuqala iqhuba kwakhona, intlawulo egcinwe kwenye i-MOSFET diode kufuneka isuswe kwaye ikhutshwe nge-MOSFET yokuqala. Oku kukulahlekelwa kwamandla, ngoko ke i-trr imfutshane, iyancipha ilahleko.

 

3, izicelo zeemoto

Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla e-MOSFETs kwizicelo zeemoto kukhule ngokukhawuleza kule minyaka ingama-20 idlulileyo. AmandlaI-MOSFETikhethiwe ngenxa yokuba inokumelana neziganeko zexeshana eziphezulu ze-voltage ezibangelwa yinkqubo ye-elektroniki yeemoto eziqhelekileyo, ezifana nokuchithwa komthwalo kunye nokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kumandla wenkqubo, kwaye iphakheji yayo ilula, ikakhulu isebenzisa iipakethe ze-TO220 kunye ne-TO247. Kwangaxeshanye, usetyenziso olunje ngeefestile zombane, inaliti yepetroli, ii-wiper zangaphakathi, kunye nolawulo lokuhamba ngenqanawa ngokuthe ngcembe ziya zisiba semgangathweni kwiimoto ezininzi, kwaye izixhobo zombane ezifanayo ziyafuneka kuyilo. Ngeli xesha, ii-MOSFETs zamandla eemoto ziye zavela njengeemotor, i-solenoids, kunye nezitofu zepetroli ziye zaziwa ngakumbi.

 

Ii-MOSFET ezisetyenziswa kwizixhobo zeemoto zigubungela uluhlu olubanzi lwamandla ombane, imisinga, kunye nokunganyangeki. Ulungelelwaniso lwebhulorho yezixhobo zokulawula izixhobo kusetyenziswa i-30V kunye ne-40V yeemodeli zombane wokuqhekeka, izixhobo ze-60V zisetyenziselwa ukuqhuba imithwalo apho ukuthuthwa komthwalo ngequbuliso kunye neemeko zokuqala zokunyuka kufuneka kulawulwe, kwaye iteknoloji ye-75V iyafuneka xa umgangatho woshishino utshintshelwa kwiinkqubo zebhetri ze-42V. Izixhobo zamandla ombane ancedisayo aphezulu zifuna ukusetyenziswa kweemodeli ze-100V ukuya kwi-150V, kwaye izixhobo ze-MOSFET ezingaphezu kwe-400V zisetyenziswa kwiiyunithi zomqhubi we-injini kunye neesekethe zokulawula izibane zentloko ze-high intensity discharge (HID).

 

Imisinga yokuqhuba i-Automotive MOSFET isukela kwi-2A ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-100A, ngokumelana ne-2mΩ ukuya kwi-100mΩ. Imithwalo ye-MOSFET ibandakanya iinjini, iivalvu, izibane, izixhobo zokufudumeza, ii-capacitive piezoelectric assemblies kunye neDC/DC power supply. Iifrikhwensi zokutshintsha ngokuqhelekileyo ziqala ukusuka kwi-10kHz ukuya kwi-100kHz, kunye ne-caveat yokuba ulawulo lwemoto alufanelekanga ukutshintsha iifrikhwensi ezingaphezu kwe-20kHz. Ezinye iimfuno eziphambili kukusebenza kwe-UIS, iimeko zokusebenza kumda wokushisa we-junction (-40 degrees ukuya kwi-175 degrees, ngamanye amaxesha ukuya kuma-200 degrees) kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu ngaphaya kobomi bemoto.

 

I-4, izibane ze-LED kunye nomqhubi wezibane

Kuyilo lwezibane ze-LED kunye nezibane zihlala zisebenzisa i-MOSFET, kumqhubi we-LED oqhubekayo, ngokuqhelekileyo sebenzisa i-NMOS. amandla MOSFET kunye bipolar transistor idla ngokwahlukileyo. Umthamo wesango layo mkhulu. I-capacitor kufuneka ihlawulwe ngaphambi kokuba iqhutywe. Xa i-voltage ye-capacitor idlula i-voltage ye-threshold, i-MOSFET iqala ukuqhuba. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ngexesha loyilo ukuba umthamo womthwalo womqhubi wesango kufuneka ube mkhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuhlawulwa kwe-capacitance yesango elilinganayo (CEI) kugqitywe ngexesha elifunwa yinkqubo.

 

Isantya sokutshintsha kwe-MOSFET sixhomekeke kakhulu ekutshajisweni nasekukhutshweni komthamo wegalelo. Nangona umsebenzisi akakwazi ukunciphisa ixabiso le-Cin, kodwa unokunciphisa ixabiso lesango lokuhambisa iluphu uphawu lomthombo wangaphakathi wokuchasa i-Rs, ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa ukutshaja kwesango le-loop kunye nokukhupha ixesha eliqhubekayo, ukukhawulezisa isantya sokutshintsha, i-IC jikelele yokuqhuba amandla. ikakhulu kubonakaliswa apha, sithi ukhetho lweI-MOSFETibhekisa kwii-ICs zangaphandle ze-MOSFET eziqhubekayo. Ii-ICs ze-MOSFET ezakhelwe ngaphakathi akufuneki zithathelwe ngqalelo. Xa sithetha ngokubanzi, i-MOSFET yangaphandle iya kuthathela ingqalelo imisinga engaphezulu kwe-1A. Ukuze ufumane amandla amakhulu kunye nokuguquguquka kwamandla e-LED, i-MOSFET yangaphandle kuphela kwendlela yokukhetha i-IC kufuneka iqhutywe ngamandla afanelekileyo, kwaye i-MOSFET igalelo lokufaka i-papacitance yiparameter engundoqo.