Umgaqo wokutshintsha we-MOSFET kunye nesigwebo esilungileyo nesibi

1, isigwebo esisemgangathweniI-MOSFETelungileyo okanye embi

Umgaqo wokutshintsha we-MOSFET kunye nesigwebo esilungileyo okanye esibi, sebenzisa kuqala ibhloko ye-multimeter R × 10kΩ (eyakhelwe ngaphakathi 9V okanye i-15V ibhetri), ipeni elibi (elimnyama) eliqhagamshelwe kwisango (G), ipeni elungileyo (ebomvu) eqhagamshelwe kwisixhobo. umthombo (S). Xa utshaja phakathi kwesango kunye nomthombo, isalathisi se-multimeter siya kuphambukiswa kancinci. Kwakhona usebenzisa i-multimeter R × 1Ω ibhloko, ipeni elibi kwi-drain (D), ipeni elihle kumthombo (S), i-multimeter ibonisa ixabiso le-ohms ezimbalwa, ebonisa ukuba i-MOSFET ilungile.

2, uhlalutyo lomgangatho we-electrode ye-MOSFET yokuhlangana

I-multimeter iya kutsalelwa kwifayile ye-R × 100, ipeni elibomvu kunoma yimuphi umbhobho weenyawo, ipeni elimnyama ukuya kwelinye, ukwenzela ukuba unyawo lwesithathu lumiswe. Ukuba ufumana ujingi oluncinci lwenaliti yemitha, bonisa ukuba unyawo lwesithathu lusango. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana iziphumo ezicace ngakumbi, ungasebenzisa umzimba kufutshane okanye ngomnwe ukubamba unyawo oluxhonyiweyo, ukuba nje ubona inaliti ijikile kakhulu, oko kukuthi, ebonisa ukuba unyawo olumisiweyo lwesango, iinyawo ezimbini eziseleyo zomthombo kunye ne-drain, ngokulandelanayo.

Izizathu zocalucalulo:JFETukuchasana kwegalelo kukhulu kune-100MΩ, kwaye i-transconductance iphezulu kakhulu, xa isango livulekile-isiphaluka, indawo ye-electromagnetic field inokunyanzeliswa lula ngumqondiso we-voltage yesango, ukuze ityhubhu ithande ukunqumla, okanye ithande ukuqhuba. Ukuba umzimba womntu ngokuthe ngqo kwi-voltage induction yesango, ngenxa yesignali yokuphazamiseka kwegalelo inamandla, le nto ingasentla iya kubonakala ngakumbi. Ngokomzekelo, inaliti ekhohlo i-bias inkulu kakhulu, ithetha ukuba ityhubhu ithande ukunqumla, i-drain-source resistance i-RDS iyanda, i-drain-source current iyancipha i-IDS. ngokuchaseneyo, inaliti ukuya kwicala lasekunene lokuphambuka okukhulu, ukuba ityhubhu ithande ukuqhuba, RDS ↓, IDS ↑. Nangona kunjalo, leliphi icala lenaliti yemitha eneneni ephambukayo kufuneka igqitywe yi-polarity yombane owenziweyo (i-voltage eya phambili okanye ebuyela umva) kunye nendawo yokusebenza yetyhubhu.
Ukulumkela:

Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba xa izandla zozibini zikhuselwe kwiipali ze-D kunye ne-S kwaye kuphela isango elichukumisayo, inaliti yemitha ijikeleziswa ngasekhohlo. Nangona kunjalo, xa zombini izandla zibamba iipali ze-D kunye ne-S ngokulandelelana kwaye iminwe ichukumisa isango, inaliti yemitha inokujongwa ukuba iphambukele ngasekunene. Isizathu soku kukuba amalungu amaninzi omzimba womntu kunye nokuchasana okuchaseneyoI-MOSFETkwindawo yokuhluza.

Crystal triode pin ukuzimisela

I-Triode yenziwe ngundoqo (i-PN ezimbini ezidibeneyo), i-electrodes ezintathu kunye negobolondo ityhubhu, i-electrode emithathu ibizwa ngokuba ngumqokeleli c, emitter e, isiseko b. Okwangoku, i-triode eqhelekileyo iyityhubhu ye-silicon planar, ekwahlulahlula ngakumbi kwiindidi ezimbini: uhlobo lwe-PNP kunye nohlobo lwe-NPN. I-Germanium alloy tubes ngoku inqabile.

Apha siza kwazisa indlela elula yokusebenzisa i-multimeter ukulinganisa iinyawo ze-triode ze-triode.

I-1, fumana isibonda sesiseko, misela uhlobo lwe-tube (NPN okanye i-PNP)

Kwi-PNP-uhlobo lwe-triode, izibonda ze-C kunye ne-E ziyizibonda ezichanekileyo zeendlela ezimbini ze-PN ngaphakathi kuyo, kunye ne-B pole yipali yayo eqhelekileyo engathandekiyo, ngelixa i-NPN-type triode ichasene, izibonda ze-C kunye ne-E ziyizibonda ezimbi. kwimidibaniso emibini ye-PN, kunye ne-B pole yipali yayo eqhelekileyo, kwaye kulula ukucacisa isibonda sesiseko kunye nohlobo lombhobho ngokweempawu ze-PN junction yokuchasana okulungileyo kuncinci, kwaye ukuxhathisa umva kukhulu. Indlela ekhethekileyo yile:

Sebenzisa i-multimeter edayiweyo kwi-R × 100 okanye i-R × i-1K gear. Usiba olubomvu touch a isikhonkwane, uze usebenzise usiba ezimnyama zaziqhagamshelwe kwezinye izikhonkwane ezimbini, ukuze ukwazi ukufumana amaqela amathathu (iqela ngalinye ezimbini) ufundo, xa enye iiseti ezimbini ufundo kwixabiso eliphantsi ukumelana ii-ohm ezingamakhulu ambalwa, ukuba izikhonkwane zoluntu ziyipeni ebomvu, uqhagamshelwano lusisiseko, uhlobo lwe-transistor yohlobo lwe-PNP; ukuba izikhonkwane zoluntu ziyipeni emnyama, uqhagamshelwano lusisiseko, uhlobo lwe-transistor yohlobo lweNPN.

2, chonga i-emitter kunye nomqokeleli

Njengemveliso ye-triode, indawo ezimbini ze-P okanye indawo ezimbini ze-N ngaphakathi koxinaniso lwe-doping ziyahluka, ukuba i-amplifier efanelekileyo, i-triode ine-amplification eyomeleleyo, kunye ne-vice versa, kunye ne-amplifier engalunganga, i-amplifier yokukhulisa inani elikhulu elibuthathaka kakhulu. , ngoko ke i-triode ene-amplifier efanelekileyo, i-triode ene-amplifier engalunganga, kuya kubakho umehluko omkhulu.

Emva kokuchonga uhlobo ityhubhu kunye nesiseko b, umqokeleli kunye ne-emitter inokuchongwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. Cofa i-multimeter ngokucinezela u-R x 1K. Gcoba isiseko kunye nesinye isikhonkwane kunye nezandla zombini (qaphela ukuba ungavumeli i-electrode idibane ngqo). Ukuze wenze into yokulinganisa ibonakale ngokucacileyo, manzisa iminwe yakho, cinezela ipeni ebomvu ngesiseko, cinezela ipeni elimnyama ngesinye isikhonkwane, kwaye ubeke ingqalelo kubukhulu bokuguqula okufanelekileyo kwesalathisi se-multimeter. Emva koko, lungisa izikhonkwane ezimbini, phinda amanyathelo okulinganisa angentla. Thelekisa i-amplitude yokujinga yenaliti kwimilinganiselo emibini kwaye ufumane indawo ene-swing enkulu. Kwi-PNP-uhlobo lwe-transistors, qhagamshela ipeni elimnyama kwi-pin kunye ne-pinch yesiseko kunye, phinda le mifuniselo ingentla ukuze ufumane apho i-amplitude yokujingisa inaliti inkulu, ye-NPN-uhlobo, ipeni elimnyama lidityaniswe kwisiseko, elibomvu. ipeni iqhagamshelwe kwi-emitter. Kuhlobo lwe-PNP, ipeni elibomvu lixhunywe kumqokeleli, ipeni elimnyama lixhunywe kwi-emitter.

Umgaqo wale ndlela yokuchonga kukusebenzisa ibhetri kwi-multimeter, i-voltage yongezwa kumqokeleli kunye ne-emitter ye-transistor, ukuze ibe namandla okukhulisa. Isandla cinezela isiseko salo, umqokeleli, ulingana nokumelana nesandla ukuya kwi-triode kunye ne-bias yangoku echanekileyo, ukuze iqhube, ngeli xesha ubukhulu bemitha yenaliti ejingijelwayo ngasekunene ibonisa isakhono sayo sokukhulisa, ukuze ukwazi ngokuchanekileyo. misela indawo ye-emitter, umqokeleli.