Kutheni i-MOSFET ibalulekile kwi-Electronics yale mihla
Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba i-smartphone yakho inokupakisha njani amandla amaninzi ekhompyuter kwindawo encinci kangaka? Impendulo ilele kwenye yezona zinto ziqanjiweyo kwi-electronics: i-MOSFET (i-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor). Nokuba ungumntu othanda izinto zokuzonwabisa, ungumfundi, okanye unomdla nje malunga ne-elektroniki, ukuqonda ii-MOSFETs kubalulekile kule mihla yedijithali.
Yintoni kanye kanye iMOSFET?
Cinga ngeMOSFET njengesitshixo esincinci sombane esinokulawula ukuhamba kombane. Ngokungafaniyo nokutshintsha koomatshini bemveli, ii-MOSFET azinamalungu ashukumayo kwaye zinokutshintsha amawaka okanye izigidi zamaxesha ngomzuzwana. Ziibhloko zokwakha ezisisiseko zedijithali zanamhlanje, ukusuka kubalawuli be-LED abalula ukuya kwii-microprocessors ezinzima.
Ulwakhiwo oluSisiseko lwe-MOSFET
| Indawo yokukhwelela | Umsebenzi | Isifaniso |
|---|---|---|
| Isango (G) | Ilawula ukuhamba kwangoku | Njengomqheba wempompo yamanzi |
| Umthombo (S) | Apho ikhoyo ingena khona | Njengomthombo wamanzi |
| Umsele (D) | Apho kuphuma khona ngoku | Njengomsele wamanzi |
Iindidi zee-MOSFETs: I-N-Channel vs P-Channel
I-MOSFETs iza kwiincasa ezimbini eziphambili: i-N-channel kunye ne-P-channel. Zicinge njengezixhobo ezihambelanayo kwibhokisi yakho yezixhobo ze-elektroniki. Ii-MOSFET ze-N-channel zifana nezixhobo ezisebenza ngesandla sasekunene (zixhaphake kakhulu kwaye zifikeleleka kwixabiso eliphantsi), ngelixa i-P-channel MOSFETs zifana nezixhobo ezishiywe ngesandla sasekhohlo (ezincinci kakhulu kodwa ziyimfuneko kwizicelo ezithile).
Iiyantlukwano eziphambili
- Ijelo eli-N: Ilayita ngombane wesango eliqinisekileyo
- Itshaneli ye-P: Ivula ngombane wesango ongalunganga
- I-N-channel: Ngokuqhelekileyo yehlisa i-RDS(on) ukuxhathisa
- I-P-channel: Uyilo lwesekethe olulula kwezinye iimeko
Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kwee-MOSFETs
Ii-MOSFET zizinto ezisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi ngendlela emangalisayo. Nazi ezinye izicelo eziqhelekileyo:
- Izibonelelo zamandla kunye nezilawuli zombane
- Abalawuli beemoto kunye neesekethe ze-PWM
- Abaqhubi be-LED kunye nokulawula ukukhanya
- Izandisi zomsindo
- Izixhobo ezisebenza ngebhetri
Ukukhetha i-MOSFET eLungileyo
Ukukhetha i-MOSFET efanelekileyo kwisicelo sakho kubandakanya ukuthathela ingqalelo iiparamitha ezininzi eziphambili:
| Ipharamitha | Inkcazo | Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| VDS(max) | Ubuninzi bombane womthombo wokuhambisa amanzi | 20V - 800V |
| Isazisi(ubuninzi) | Ubuninzi bombhobho wangoku | 1A – 100A |
| I-RDS(ivuliwe) | Ukuchasa kurhulumente | 1mΩ – 100mΩ |
Iimpazamo Eziqhelekileyo Emaziphephe
Xa usebenza nee-MOSFETs, abaqalayo bahlala bezenza ezi mpazamo:
- Ukulibala malunga nokukhusela isango
- Ukungahoyi ulawulo lwe-thermal
- Umbane wokuqhuba isango ongalunganga
- Izenzo zoyilo zePCB ezimbi
Imixholo ekwinqanaba eliphezulu
Iingqwalasela zeSango Drive
Ukuqhuba ngokufanelekileyo kwesango kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kweMOSFET. Qwalasela ezi nkalo:
- Umbane wesango lomda wombane (VGS(th))
- Intlawulo yesango (Qg)
- Ukutshintsha iimfuno zesantya
- Qhuba itopology yesekethe
Ulawulo lweThermal
Amandla e-MOSFET anokuvelisa ubushushu obukhulu ngexesha lokusebenza. Ulawulo olusebenzayo lwe-thermal lubandakanya:
- Ukukhetha okufanelekileyo kwe-heatsink
- Izixhobo zokujonga i-Thermal
- Ukuqwalaselwa kokuhamba komoya
- Ukujongwa kobushushu
Ngaba ufuna izisombululo zobuGcisa zeMOSFET?
E-Olukey, sinikezela ngoluhlu olubanzi lweeMOSFET ezikumgangatho ophezulu kuzo zonke izicelo. Iqela lethu leengcali linokukunceda ukhethe i-MOSFET efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho ezithile.
Izibonelelo ezongezelelweyo
Ngaba uyafuna ukufunda ngakumbi ngee-MOSFETs? Jonga ezi zixhobo zixabisekileyo:
- Amanqaku esicelo aneenkcukacha
- Izikhokelo zoyilo
- Iinkcukacha zobugcisa
- Iisekethe zesampuli
