Ngaba uyazi malunga neeSekethe zeMOSFET?

Iisekethe ze-MOSFET ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwi-elektroniki, kwaye i-MOSFET imele i-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor. Uyilo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweesekethe ze-MOSFET zibandakanya uluhlu olubanzi lweenkalo. Apha ngezantsi lucazululo oluneenkcukacha lweesekethe ze-MOSFET:

I. Ulwakhiwo oluSisiseko kunye noMgaqo wokuSebenza wee-MOSFET

1. Ulwakhiwo olusisiseko

Ii-MOSFET ziquka ubukhulu becala ii-electrode ezintathu: isango (G), umthombo (S), kunye nedreyini (D), kunye nomaleko wokugquma wesinyithi. Ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwesitishi sokuqhuba, ii-MOSFET zihlelwa zibe ziintlobo ze-N-channel kunye ne-P-channel. Ngokwempembelelo yolawulo lwamandla ombane wesango kwisitishi sokuqhuba, zinokwahlulwa zibe yimo yokuphucula kunye nemo yokunciphisa iiMOSFET.

2. UmGaqo wokuSebenza

Umgaqo osebenzayo we-MOSFET usekelwe kwisiphumo sentsimi yombane ukulawula ukuqhutyelwa kwezinto ze-semiconductor. Xa i-voltage yesango itshintsha, iguqula ukuhanjiswa kwentlawulo kwindawo ye-semiconductor phantsi kwesango, elawula ububanzi bomzila ohambayo phakathi komthombo kunye ne-drain, ngaloo ndlela ilawula i-drain current. Ngokukodwa, xa i-voltage yesango idlula umda othile, i-conductive channel ifom kwi-semiconductor surface, evumela ukuqhuba phakathi komthombo kunye ne-drain. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukuba umjelo uyanyamalala, umthombo kunye ne-drain iyanqunyulwa.

II. Ukusetyenziswa kweeSekethe ze-MOSFET

1. IiSekethe zeAmplifaya

Ii-MOSFETs zinokusetyenziswa njengezandisi ngokulungelelanisa umbane wesango ukulawula inzuzo yangoku. Zisetyenziswa kwi-audio, i-rediyo frequency, kunye nezinye iisekethe ze-amplifier ukubonelela ngengxolo ephantsi, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, kunye nokukhulisa inzuzo ephezulu.

2. Ukutshintsha iiSekethe

Ii-MOSFET zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengotshintsho kwiisekethe zedijithali, ulawulo lwamandla, kunye nabaqhubi beemoto. Ngokulawula i-voltage yesango, umntu unokutshintsha ngokulula isiphaluka okanye acime. Njengezinto ezitshintshayo, ii-MOSFET zinezibonelelo ezinje ngesantya sokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, kunye neesekethe ezilula zokuqhuba.

3. IiSekethe zoTshintsho ze-Analog

Kwiisekethe ze-analog, ii-MOSFETs zinokusebenza njengokutshintsha kwe-analog. Ngokulungisa i-voltage yesango, banokulawula i-on / off state, ukuvumela ukutshintsha kunye nokukhetha iimpawu ze-analog. Olu hlobo lwesicelo luqhelekile ekuqhubeni umqondiso kunye nokufumana idatha.

4. IiSekethe zeNgcaciso

I-MOSFETs zikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiisekethe ze-digital logic, ezifana namasango e-logic (KUNYE, OKANYE amasango, njl.) kunye neeyunithi zememori. Ngokudibanisa ii-MOSFET ezininzi, iisistim ezintsonkothileyo zedigital logic zesekethe zinokudalwa.

5. IiSekethe zoLawulo lwaMandla

Kwiisekethe zolawulo lwamandla, ii-MOSFETs zinokusetyenziselwa ukutshintsha amandla, ukukhetha umbane, kunye nolawulo lwamandla. Ngokulawula imo yokuvula/yokuvalwa kwe-MOSFET, ulawulo olusebenzayo nolawulo lwamandla lunokuphunyezwa.

6. Abaguquleli be-DC-DC

Ii-MOSFET zisetyenziswa kwii-DC-DC converters zokuguqula amandla kunye nolawulo lombane. Ngokulungelelanisa iiparamitha ezinjengomjikelo womsebenzi kunye nokutshintsha rhoqo, ukuguqulwa kombane osebenzayo kunye nemveliso ezinzileyo inokufezekiswa.

III. Iingqwalasela zoYilo oluPhambili kwiiSekethe ze-MOSFET

1. Ulawulo lweSango loMbane

Amandla ombane wesango yiparameter ephambili yokulawula ukuqhutywa kwe-MOSFET. Xa uyila iisekethe, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nokuchaneka kombane wesango ukunqanda ukuthotywa kokusebenza okanye ukusilela kwesekethe ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwamandla ombane.

2. Khupha uMda wangoku

Ii-MOSFETs zivelisa umyinge othile we-drain current ngexesha lokusebenza. Ukukhusela i-MOSFET kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwesekethe, kubalulekile ukunciphisa umjelo wangoku ngokuyila isekethe ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kunokufezekiswa ngokukhetha imodeli efanelekileyo ye-MOSFET, ukuseta ii-voltages zesango ezifanelekileyo, kunye nokusebenzisa ukuxhathisa komthwalo ofanelekileyo.

3. Uzinzo lobushushu

Ukusebenza kwe-MOSFET kuchatshazelwa kakhulu bubushushu. Uyilo lwesekethe kufuneka luthathele ingqalelo iimpembelelo zamaqondo obushushu ekusebenzeni kweMOSFET, kwaye amanyathelo kufuneka athatyathwe ukomeleza uzinzo lobushushu, njengokukhetha imifuziselo ye-MOSFET ekwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokusebenzisa iindlela zokupholisa.

4. Ukuba wedwa kunye noKhuseleko

Kwiisekethe eziyinkimbinkimbi, amanyathelo okuzihlukanisa ayafuneka ukukhusela ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo. Ukukhusela i-MOSFET emonakalweni, iisekethe zokukhusela ezifana nokukhusela i-overcurrent kunye ne-overvoltage kufuneka ziphunyezwe.

Ukuqukumbela, iisekethe ze-MOSFET ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezicelo zesekethe ye-elektroniki. Uyilo olufanelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweesekethe ze-MOSFET kunokuzalisekisa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yesekethe kwaye ihlangabezane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.